Casbah of Algiers

The Casbah is the historic heart of Algiers: an Ottoman-era citadel and medina of whitewashed houses, stepped alleys and hidden courtyards, climbing from the sea to the old fortress at the top. It was listed by UNESCO in 1992 and is famous worldwide as the setting of the film The Battle of Algiers. The lower Casbah around Place des Martyrs is straightforward to explore on your own, with the Ketchaoua Mosque, Dar Mustapha Pacha and the Palais des Raïs close together. Higher up, the lanes become a genuine labyrinth and some houses are in ruins, so hire a licensed local guide, who will also open doors to restored palaces and artisans' workshops. Wear sturdy shoes, cover shoulders and knees, keep valuables out of sight and ask before photographing people.